What is the general method of producing x-rays?

The general method of producing x-rays involves the sudden deceleration of high-velocity electrons. In an x-ray tube, electrons are accelerated towards a target material, typically made of a high atomic number element such as tungsten. When these high-speed electrons collide with the target material, their abrupt deceleration results in the conversion of some of their kinetic energy into x-rays. This process, known as bremsstrahlung radiation (or “braking radiation”), is the primary mechanism for generating x-rays in medical and industrial applications.

Understanding this method is crucial because it highlights the relationship between electron movement and radiation production, which is fundamental in the field of radiographic testing. The energetic nature of the electrons and their interaction with the target is what allows for the imaging capabilities of x-rays, making this principle essential for non-destructive testing methods like RT.